2026-08-19
When wastewater is too salty for membranes, evaporation – often paired with mechanical vapour recompression (MVR) – becomes the path to volume reduction and zero-liquid-discharge (ZLD). But 'an evaporator' is not one thing. This guide compares the two dominant configurations, forced-circulation and falling-film, on heat transfer, fouling and scaling behaviour, solids handling, footprint, energy use and CAPEX. We explain when each suits high-salt, scaling or crystallising streams, how crystallisers manage slurry and salt purity, and the material choices (duplex, titanium, Hastelloy) for chloride-rich duty. The delivery lifecycle – factory testing, shipment inspection, installation preparation and on-site commissioning – and customer requirements on salt quality and energy are covered, closing with a selection FAQ and checklist.
Lithium battery wastewater/sewage
